雅克·拉康的镜像阶段理论是其后期理论发展的雏形框架。通过借鉴亨利·瓦隆镜像实验的结果,又结合包括神经解剖学、哲学等多门学科,拉康最终将镜像阶段提升到作为人类本体论存在的高度之上,镜像阶段于是成为一出结构主体匮乏状态与想象性统一状态的戏剧。拉康借镜像阶段划分出了自我与主体的两极对立,将自我归结为一种具有虚幻性的误认,而将精神分析的对象锁定在了无意识主体之上。这种划分,既反对了自我心理学将自我看做具有自主性的代理,又与笛卡尔具有自明性的我思主体分道扬镳。由此,拉康才得以界定精神分析的真正对象,即甚至不知道自己在说什么的无意识主体。
Jacque Lacan’s theory of mirror stage is an embryonic framework for his later theoretical development.By u-sing Henri Wallon’s outcome of mirror experiment for reference and on the basis of several subjects like neuroanatomy and phi-losophy,Lacan finally managed to elevate mirror stage to the height of human ontological existence.Therefore,the mirror stage has become a drama of deficiency of structural subjects and unification of imagination.With the help of the mirror stage, Lacan distinguished the polar opposites between ego and subject,and took ego as the illusory misunderstanding,located the ob-jects of psychoanalysis on the unconscious subjects.Such distinction,on the one hand,opposes the view of ego psychology which takes ego as the agent of autonomy;on the other hand,it splits from Cartesian cogito with self-evidence.On this basis, Lacan managed to define the real objects of psychoanalysis,i.e.the unconscious subjects who do not really know they are talk-ing about.