眼内炎是眼科术后最为严重的并发症,结膜囊消毒是目前公认的能有效减少眼内炎发生的重要措施。目前已应用临床或在研究的结膜囊消毒剂主要有:汞剂、庆大霉素、聚维酮碘、酸性电解质水。各类消毒剂通过不同的途径发挥消毒杀菌作用。目前临床应用最为广泛的结膜囊消毒剂是聚维酮碘,汞剂及庆大霉素因其对环境的污染、易产生耐药菌、局部副反应重等原因现已鲜少使用于临床。酸性电解质水目前亦尚未使用于临床。随着眼科手术的普及及发展,眼科医师对患者术后眼部舒适度也越来越关注,未来结膜囊消毒剂的研究与应用将不断更新发展。
Postoperative endophthaImitis is the most serious compIications of ophthaImic surgeries. ConjunctivaI sac disinfection is currentIy recognized as an effectiveIy important way to reduce the risk of endophthaImitis. At present, there are some disinfectants has been used in cIinic or in the researches:mercury agent, gentamicin, povidone iodine and acid eIectroIytic water. AII kinds of disinfectants pIay the roIe of disinfection by different ways. Povidone iodine is the most wideIy used conjunctivaI sac disinfectant. MercuriaI and gentamicin have been rareIy used because they poIIute the environment, are easy to cause drug resistant bacteria, IocaIized side reactions and so on. The acid eIectroIyte water is not used in cIinic at present. With the popuIarization and deveIopment of the ophthaImic surgeries, the ophthaImoIogists have become more and more concerned about the postoperative eye comfort, the research and appIication of conjunctivaI sac disinfectant in the future wiII continue to be updated and deveIoped.