Fast charging capability is a crucial aspect of next-generation ion battery development, but the ion diffusion rate in existing anode materials is limited. It is necessary to design an anode material with a suitable host structure to effectively promote the ion transport rate. In this study, a novel nickel niobate (Ni 4 Nb 2 O 9) is proposed as an anode material for lithium-ion battery, and a mixed-phase structure consisting of NiNb 2 O 6 and Ni 4 Nb 2 O 9 (M-NNO) is creatively constructed based on component engineering. The phase interfaces within the mix phases prove instrumental in facilitating the transmission of lithium ions and electrons. Notably, Ni-rich Ni 4 Nb 2 O 9 enhances the precipitation of metallic Ni nanoparticles during electrochemical reconstruction, thereby effectively improving the electrical conductivity of the electrode material and enhancing its rate performance. The composite delivers an impressive specific capacity of 216 mAh g−1 at 1C and maintains 98.9 % capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 10C. Moreover, the assembled full-cell with NCM811 as a cathode exhibits 173.1 mAh g−1 at current densities of 1C. Therefore, the mixed-phase nickel niobates demonstrate good adaptability and stability in a wide voltage range (0.005–3 V), presenting a new approach for designing high-performance and fast charging lithium battery anodes. The rational construction of Ni-rich amorphous Li x Nb 2 O 5 , achieved through electrochemical reconstruction of mixed-phase NiNb 2 O 6 –Ni 4 Nb 2 O 9 during charge and discharge, effectively refines particle size and enhances material conductivity. Benefiting from these advancements, it presents significantly improved rate performance and cycling stability. [Display omitted] • A mixed-phase material, consisting of NiNb2O6 and Ni4Nb2O9, is prepared based on component engineering. • The electrochemical reconstruction of nickel niobate in a wide voltage range (0.005–3 V) is underscored. • Ni-rich Ni4Nb2O9 promotes the precipitation of metallic Ni nanoparticles during electrochemical reconstruction. • The composite demonstrates an impressive specific capacity and high-rate cycling stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]