I Allium paradoxum i is considered a substitute for chives ( I A. schoenoprasum i L., ramsons ( I A. ursinum i L.), for garlic ( I A. sativum i L.) (Vlkova, [84]), and a good substitute for leek ( I A. ampeloprasum i L.) (AuJardin, [3]). Keywords: Allium paradoxum; Invasive species; Edible and medicinal wild plants; Wild food; Garlic; Cuisine; Iran; The Caucasus; Europe; Social media EN Allium paradoxum Invasive species Edible and medicinal wild plants Wild food Garlic Cuisine Iran The Caucasus Europe Social media 559 567 9 08/03/23 20230601 NES 230601 Introduction An invasive alien plant is a species introduced into a local flora that becomes locally overpopulated and harms its new environment. Wild food foragers in Europe are generally aware that I A. paradoxum i is an alien species in the European flora and therefore harvesting (and promoting its usage) is considered a form of care for the scarce resources of native edible garlic I A. ursinum i , which is legally protected across Europe. This transfer of knowledge from other known medicinal garlic species to I A. paradoxum i , based on similarity in taste and scent, can be done independently in any part of the world and repeats the reasoning about I A. paradoxum i as a food plant. [Extracted from the article]