Oxysterols, derived from cholesterol oxidation, are formed either by autoxidation, via enzymes, or by both processes [[1]]. Some of these receptors are involved in the control of cholesterol trafficking, cell proliferation, and cell death. This Special Issue of Cells, therefore, presents several works that provide information to better understand the pro-inflammatory effects of several oxysterols and some of their associated receptors, both in the context of infectious diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases with potential pharmacological applications. These molecules have multiple biological activities and can regulate oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death, as well as cell differentiation and cholesterol homeostasis [[3], [5]]. [Extracted from the article]