The eastern Hebei Province (Jidong region) is a representative region of Mesozoic high heat production (HHP) granites with elevated abundance of radioactive heat-producing elements (HPEs: U, Th and K), which are closely associated with gold deposits. These HHP granites with high heat production (≥5 μW/m3) are alkali-rich, low-phosphorus and metaluminous to weak peraluminous granitoids and they have distinctively high Nb abundances. However, the genesis of these HHP granites and their implications for regional tectonic evolution and gold mineralization are still unclear. An integrated study of geochronology, petrology, whole-rock Sr Nd and zircon Hf O isotopes and crystallization modeling was carried out in this paper. Our results indicate that HHP intrusive rocks were dominantly originated from alkali- and HPEs-rich fertile source, e.g., metasomatized subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) or reworked lower crust with heterogeneous geochemical compositions. Late Triassic Baizhangzi HHP granitic rocks have an adakite-like compositional feature (e.g., high Sr/Y), likely formed by deep melting (<50 km) of mafic lower crust with amphibole-dominated restite. Jurassic Yu'erya and Niuxinshan felsic plutons are characterized by high-silica (>70 wt%) and low Sr/Y ratios with fractionated geochemical compositions, which were interpreted as upper lower crust melting with plagioclase-dominated restite (or fractionation). They have relatively low initial 87Sr/86Sr (0.7022–0.7109), negative ε Nd (t), ε Hf (t) values (ε Nd (t) = −9.9 to −12.6, ε Hf (t)= − 7.3 – −13.7) and mantle-like or slightly higher δ18O values (average 5.8‰ – 6.2‰) with Meso-Paleoproterozoic Nd and Hf model ages (1.7–2.0 Ga). These geochemical and isotopic features unravel that HHP granites are likely originated from the HPEs-rich crustal source that was contaminated by alkaline fluids (with mafic magma) from HPEs-enriched lithospheric mantle metasomatized by recycled crustal materials. The obvious petrological and geochemical shift from late Triassic to early-middle Jurassic rocks suggests a transition of major tectonic regime in the Jidong region to the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. This geodynamic transformation likely resulted in the thinning and destruction of the lithospheric mantle at Jidong region in late Triassic to early Jurassic, which was vital for reactivation and release of HPEs, Au and Te from enriched SCLM to form HHP granites and associated gold deposits. High heat producing granites with an alkaline affinity may have a great potential for future gold exploration as a pathfinder. • High heat production (HHP) granites are alkali-rich and low-phosphorus granitoids with an alkaline affinity. • HHP granitic rocks mainly originated from anatexis of continental crust that was hybridized by mantle components. • The initial subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate began in early to middle Jurassic times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]