To conduct a meta-analysis to determine the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) miRNA146a rs2910164 (G > C) and miRNA-499 rs3746444 (T > C) and asthma risk. PubMed and Embase (updated May 17, 2019). (microRNA OR microRNAs) AND (polymorphism OR polymorphisms) AND (Asthmas OR Bronchial Asthma OR Asthma, Bronchial). Six eligible case-control studies (2441 asthma cases and 3044 controls) met our inclusion criteria. A trend of increased asthma risk was indicated by the heterozygote model (miR-499: TC versus TT, OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.06–1.79, P < 0.01) and the dominant model (miR-499: TC + CC versus TT, OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.07–2.39, P < 0.01) of miRNA-499 rs3746444. Polymorphisms rs2910164 in miRNA-146a of the allele model (miR-146a: C versus G, OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.74–0.96, P = 0.238), homozygote model (miR-146a: CC versus GG, OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.51–0.91, P = 0.213), recessive model (miR-146a: CC versus GC + GG, OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.60–0.94, P = 0.149) indicated a decreased risk of asthma. The miR-499 rs3746444 (T > C) polymorphism is associated with asthma susceptibility and miRNA-146a rs2910164 (G > C) polymorphism has a protective role against susceptibility to asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]