Few ophiostomatoid fungi have been reported from the margin of the Tibetan Plateau and none have been found in the central portion of the region. In a survey of ophiostomatoid fungi associated with spruce bark beetles in Tibetan subalpine forests, numerous strains of Leptographium s. l. (Ophiostomataceae) were isolated from Orthotomicus sp. (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) and its galleries infesting Picea likiangensis var. balfouriana. Morphological characters and phylogenetic analysis based on multiple DNA sequence data (ITS2-partial LSU rDNA region, beta-tubulin and transcription elongation factor-1α genes) revealed a new species in the " Grosmannia penicillata complex", which is proposed as G. tibetensis. The species is characterized by both Leptographium and Pesotum asexual states, which is unique in the " G. penicillata complex". Additionally, sequences of the tubC paralogue gene were found combining with tub2 sequences in many species of the " G. penicillata complex", resulting in incongruent trees. This is the first report of tubulin paralogue genes in ophiostomatoid fungi. Gene duplication and losses make beta-tubulin a potentially challenging locus for use as a molecular marker for tracing speciation. • Grosmannia tibetensis , the first record of ophiostomatoid fungi from Tibet. • This species is characterized by both Leptographium and Pesotum asexual states. • The first report of tubulin paralogue in ophiostomatoid fungi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]