Color is the most intuitive feature of different tea infusions. The accurate measurement of pigments is one of the important means for tea quality and bioactive appraisal. In this study, a stable, rapid, and environmental friendly method was developed for the simultaneous determination of seven pigments (α-carotene, β-carotene, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, violaxanthin, lutein, and neoxanthin) by ultra-performance convergence chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector (UPC2-PDA). Carbon dioxide was employed as the primary mobile phase, instead of traditional organic solvents. The impacts of the chromatographic column, co-solvent, injection volume, pressure, and temperature on the separation of target pigments were evaluated systematically. Linear correlations were obtained (R2>0.999). The accuracy of the method defined as the mean recovery was in the range from 70.1% to 101.2%. Assay precisions of the method at 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 μg g−1 concentrations were all less than 4.8%. The proposed method was successfully used for the determination of the target pigments in tea with different degrees of fermentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]