The purpose of this study was to explore the needs and challenges reported by caregivers and teachers of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in China. The study group consisted of a random sample of 108 caregivers and 98 teachers of children with ASD. Analysis of epidemiological data produced results consistent with those reported in the Western literature. Many Chinese children with ASD in this study lived with their extendedfamilies with support from older generations and the majority of the families had only one child. Financial factors were particularly important for both families and teachers. Limited professional training and social support were reported as barriers to a quality education for these children. Caregivers considered deteriorated family relationships as a predominant source of stress, whereas low employment salary and benefits appeared to be the main source of stress that diminished the teachers' commitment to educating children with special needs. Teachers with higher levels of education reported higher levels of dissatisfaction with employment salary, benefits, and home environment. In addition, the findings highlighted socialcultural influences on parenting stress and coping mechanisms. Reprinted by permission of the publisher.