INTRODUCTION:: METHODS:: RESULTS:: Twenty-six patients (7 ICU controls, 8 CIM patients, and 11 CIM/CIP patients) were evaluated 1 year after discharge from the ICU. Eighty-eight percent (n = 7) of CIM patients recovered within 1 year compared with 55% (n = 6) of CIM/CIP patients. Thirty-six percent (n = 4) of CIM/CIP patients still needed assistance during their daily routine (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS:: Early electrophysiological testing predicts long-term outcome in ICU survivors. CIM has a significantly better prognosis than CIM/CIP. Muscle Nerve 50: 431–436, 2014