The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of optimistic bias on the anxiety of consumers. The results of this study are as follows: first, the study categorizes food consumers into several groups. Based on this category, we find that most of consumers belong to the optimistic bias group because the proportion of this groups is greater than other groups; a non-bias group and a pessimistic bias group. Second, the study finds that the different types of consumers characteristics have the different level of risk appetite. The optimistic bias group has the stronger efficacy than the non-bias group. Moreover, the non-bias group shows the higher level of anxiety and more fear-related behaviors than the optimistic bias group. Finally, the study examines the moderating effects of optimistic bias on anxiety and finds that the optimistic bias has a negative effect on the anxiety of consumers.