The incidence of ligament injuries of the wrist has increased due to sports activities. However, diagnosis and management of these injuries are sometimes difficult because of the anatomic complexity and variable injury patterns. The scapholunate ligament is both a key ligament in the stability of the carpus and one of the most frequently injured. The presentation of scapholunate instability often includes a vague injury history and pain with grip, wrist extension, and sport or labor. To properly diagnose and manage these conditions, thorough understanding of the wrist anatomy and physical and radiologic examination is mandatory. This article will briefly discuss the wrist joint anatomy and biomechanics, and review the diagnosis and surgical management of the scapholunate ligament injury.