In this paper, current situation of landfilling in Japan is presented, and future research need for landfill reclamation is discussed. Japan, with very high land utilization, has very little landfill capacity left, and acquiring a new landfill site is a challenging task due to objection from local residents and high land cost. Industrial and municipal waste landfills have left only less than three and ten years capacity, respectively. On the other hand, on march 1998, Ministry of Health and Welfare has published a list of 538 inappropriate municipal landfill sites with no liner, leachate treatment facility, or both, and requiring immediate corrective action. Therefore, early stabilization and reclamation are now crucially important for combating the final disposal problem.