人工智能系统生成的文章, 音乐, 画作等通常被称为 “人工智能作品”. 在一起中国最高人民法院认可的案件中, 由软件生成的文章被判定为中国著作权法上的作品. 本文在该案件的基础上, 对人工智能作品可构成中国著作权法上的作品, 做了一些分析. 中国著作权法要求, 作品需具有独创性, 并能以一定形式表现. 人工智能作品通常为文字, 图片, 音乐等, 符合以一定形式表现的要求. 对人工智能作品独创性的判断, 是其能否为中国著作权法上作品的关键. 首先, 人工智能作品在内容表达形式上, 可以与已有作品相互区别, 并且不是公有领域的惯常表达, 符合中国著作权法对作品独创性的要求. 其次, 研发者对人工智能系统的研发行为, 通常对人工智能作品的内容表达形式具有决定作用, 与人工智能作品的内容表达形式具有直接关系, 因而, 研发者创作了人工智能作品, 人工智能作品的独创性源自于自然人. 此时, 我们已经可以认定, 人工智能作品为中国著作权法上的作品, 研发者为人工智能作品的作者. 再者, 就人工智能系统的使用者而言, 如果我们通过对人工智能作品的内容表达形式及其生成过程进行分析, 能够确定, 人工智能作品的特定内容表达形式是由使用者行为决定的, 与使用者行为之间具有直接关系, 则可以认为, 使用者也参与了人工智能作品的创作, 为人工智能作品的作者之一.
Articles, music, paintings, and others generated by AI systems are usually called “AI works”. In a case acknowledged by The Supreme People’s Court of China, an article generated by software was judged to be a work in Chinese Copyright Law. Based on this case, this paper analyzes that AI works can be works in Chinese Copyright Law. Chinese Copyright Law requires that a work must be original and can be expressed in a certain form. An AI work is usually presented in the form of text, pictures or music, which meets the requirement of being expressed in a certain form. The judgment of the originality of an AI work is the key to whether it is a work in Chinese Copyright Law. First of all, in terms of content expression form, an AI work can be different from existing works, and is not common expressions in the public domain, which meets the requirement for the originality of a work in Chinese Copyright Law. Secondly, the behaviors of researching and developing an AI system by the R & D staff usually play a decisive role in the content expression form of an AI work and have a direct relationship with the content expression form of an AI work. Therefore, the R & D staff has created an AI work, and the originality of an Al work comes from natural persons. At this time, we can recognize that an AI work is a work in Chinese Copyright Law and the R & D staff is the author of an AI work. Moreover, in the user who operates an AI system, by analyzing the content expression form and the generation process of an AI work, if we can be sure that the specific content expression form of an AI work is determined by the behaviors of the user and has a direct relationship with the behaviors of the user, it can be considered that the user has also participated in the creation of an AI work and the user is one of the authors of an AI work.