Microplasticscompriseplasticparticlesthatarelessthan5mminsize.Owingtoasignificantincreaseinplasticproduction,microplasticshavebecomeubiquitouspollutantsworldwide.Severalstudieshavereportedthatmicroplasticsareharmfultolivingorganismsbecausetheycanadsorbcontaminantsfromtheenvironmentduetotheiruniquephysicochemicalproperties.Theadsorbedcontaminantsonmicroplasticscanbereleasedandaccumulatedinlivingorganisms,therebyadverselyaffectingthehealthofhumansandanimals.Sinceexistingwatertreatmenttechnologiesasstand-aloneprocessescannotachievecompleteremovalofmicroplastics,reliablemethodsmustbedeveloped.Advancedoxidationprocesses(AOPs)areapromisingapproachforthechemicaltreatmentofcontaminantssuchasmicroplastics.Theseprocessesutilizehighlyreactiveoxygenspecies(e.g.,hydroxylradicals,sulfateradicals,superoxideanions,andsingletoxygen)todecomposemicroplasticscompletely.However,atthisstage,AOPscanpartiallydegradeand/oraltersurfacechemistryofmicroplastics.Therefore,extensiveeffortmustbemadetofurtherstudyAOPsforcompletedecompositionofmicroplastics.