Based on the misuse of Collective nouns representing the relationship by learners who learning Chinese as a second language, this paper analyzes the structural and semantic features of relational Collective nouns,and investigates the acceptance of the construction “plural subject + (dou) + Shi + relative collective nouns” by Chinese native speakers using of Symmetric Relational Collective Nouns. According to the survey data, this paper uses SPSS to analyze the data and explains the influence of each component of the construction “plural subject + (dou) + Shi + relative collective nouns” on the construction acceptance and the reasons. Through the analysis, it is pointed out that the existence of “dou” has a great influence on the acceptability of the construction, and “dou” emphasizes the individual common attributes of the plural subject. The interaction between “dou” and the number of subjects and the types of relational collective nouns in the construction has an impact on the acceptability of the sentence. At the same time, the relational collective nouns in the construction have two functions: expressing the relationship between both sides and expressing the relationship of common collective attributes. It is hoped that this study will provide a basis for learners who learning Chinese as a second language to use relational collective nouns accurately, and also provide a basis for teaching relational collective nouns and reasonably explain the misuse.