The goal of public health is to provide a quality medical service for whoever needs it and ultimately to protect people against diseases and improve their health. However, people living on islands have not fully benefited from medical services because of their specific geographical conditions. Especially, residents of Nowha island, Wando-gun have had less medical services compared to those living in cities due to lack of medical staff and facilities. The first research about 314 residents was performed from July 31st to August 2nd of 2003, while the second research was done for 373 residents from July 28th to 31st of 2004. Focuses of the research were on personal information, family information, features of economic and family background, present situation of medical services, and further needs for medical services in the future.Major medical services provided for the past one year include measuring of blood pressure, preventive injection, test of diabetes, and general check-up. Among the needs for general medical services, linking service to the hospitals in the main land was in the highest, followed by tele-medicine, while in the area of needs for the services of prevention and education of public health, preventive injection ranked top, followed by general check-up, measuring of blood pressure and test of diabetes in the order of preference. To contribute to the improvement of medical services for the residents on islands, it is necessary to introduce linking service system to the hospitals in the main land and tele-medicine service as well as to increase the number and quality of public medical institutions on the island.