Cytochrome P450 enzymes play a key role in the metabolism of plant allelochemicals of herbivorous insects. Here, we investigated the role of cytochrome P450 enzyme genes in the metabolism of glucosinolates in the pea aphids. The results showed that compared with the control untreated group, the transcription levels of two cytochrome P450 enzyme genes, ApCYP4C6 and ApCYP4C7, were significantly increased at 24 h and 48 h after glucosinolates treatment. Furthermore, after the aphids were treated with dsCYP4C6 (double stranded CYP4C6) for 48 h, the expression level of ApCYP4C6 in the aphids was significantly decreased, and its mortality was significantly increased by glucosinolates comparing with that of the dsGFP group. The present study demon strated that ApCYP4C6 was involved in the metabolism of glucosinolates by the pea aphids and contributed to further understanding the role of P450 genes in the tolerance of the pea aphids to plant secondary metabolites.