The hot compression tests for Mo–3 vol.%Al2O3 alloys were conducted on a Gleeble-1500D thermo-mechanical simulatorin the temperatures range of 1000–1300 °C and strain rates range of 0.005–1 s−1. The hot deformation behavior, mechanismassociated with microstructure evolution of Mo–3 vol.%Al2O3 alloys was investigated by electron backscattering diffractionanalysis. Three types of stress–strain curves were analyzed by quantifying the work hardening rate. The deformation mechanismat 1000–1300 °C mainly included the plastic deformation of Mo–3 vol.%Al2O3 alloy, as well as the dynamic recoveryand recrystallization of Mo matrix. The modified Arrhenius, Modified Johnson–Cook and modified Zerilli–Armstrongconstitutive equations were established and evaluated by the correlation coefficient (Rc) and average absolute relative error( ̄e). The flow stress of Mo–3 vol.%Al2O3 alloys could be well predicted by those three constitutive models, but modifiedArrhenius constitutive model had a higher predicated accuracy.