This study addresses the efficiency and sustainability of tin resource utilization by exploring a novel collector,C16H33NO2 (DHX), in cassiterite flotation. DHX demonstrated superior collection efficiency and abroader effective pH range in micro-flotation tests. A peak cassiterite recovery of 92.2% was achievedwith DHX at pH 7.5 ± 0.3, while BHA could achieve only 69.6%. Furthermore, DHX consistently maintaineda recovery above 70% in a wide pH range from 3 to 11. The capacity of DHX to separate cassiteritefrom calcite in mixtures underlines its remarkable selectivity. Zeta potential and contact angle measurementsshowed strong DHX adsorption on cassiterite surfaces, leading to marked enhancements inhydrophobicity and potentially augmenting flotation efficiency. FTIR and XPS analyses further confirmedthe formation of a stable ring structure between the hydroxy and oxime groups in DHX anions and Snions on the cassiterite surface. In practical applications, such as a copper-zinc-tin polymetallic mine inYunnan, China, DHX exhibited promising recovery results in gravity separation tailings. Bench-scaleflotation tests on tin-bearing tailings (0.21% Sn) resulted in a concentrate with a tin grade and recoveryrate of 2.15% and 61.27%, respectively. These results highlight DHX’s immense potential as a cassiteriteflotation collector, outperforming conventional alternatives in performance.