The ever-detrimental condition of the environment due to the fossil fuel utilization has catalyzed thedevelopment of biodiesel. Biodiesel is produced mainly via transesterification and the entire processcomprises of several major components; the feedstock, the catalyst, the reaction, and the productseparation or purification. There are various factors affecting the amount and quality of biodieselproduced, such as the type and amount of feedstock and catalyst, alcohol-to-feedstock ratio, and reactiontemperature and time. The performance of biodiesel reactors in providing energy and time efficientbiodiesel production is also among the subject of recent studies. To produce biodiesel commercially andefficiently, it is important to recognize the novel technologies that are promising for biodiesel production. With this in mind, this article presents a review of the recent advancement and classification of thefeedstock, the catalyst for biodiesel production, and the biodiesel production reactor. Furthermore, thisarticle also highlights the development and application of oil extraction techniques, biochar as a biodieselcatalyst, and the magnetic biodiesel catalyst. The biodiesel production reactor and parametersoptimization are also discussed in this article in order to provide a better context on the chemicalreaction.