In this study, the participants comprised 220 Chinese college students from seven different colleges. We used structural equation analysis to test the variables of the proposed model simultaneously and also explored the mediation effect of psychosocial maturity between self-consciousness and career maturity, and the moderating effect of career decision self-efficacy. Results showed that first, self-consciousness(both private and public self-consciousness) was negatively to psychosocial maturity and career maturity. Second, psychosocial maturity was positively to career maturity. Third, psychosocial maturity mediated the relationship between self-consciousness(both private and public self-consciousness) and career maturity. Finally, career decision self-efficacy didn’t moderate the relationship between psychosocial maturity and career maturity. The findings were unexpected and raise more questions. These outcomes indicated that Chinese college students should not confine their learning only to schoolwork, but pay more attention to various social activities. And Chinese colleges should also provide students with more professional career guidance and training to enhance their career self-efficacy.
本研究中,研究对象为来自6所高校的220名中国高校学生。我们采用了结构方程分析方法来测定了本研究中提出的研究模型,同时,也探究了中国高校学生的社会心理成熟度在自我意识和职业成熟度之间的中介效果,以及职业决策自我效能感的调节效果。 研究结果显示,第一,自我意识(不论是内在自我意识还是公众自我意识)对社会心理成熟度和职业成熟度产生了负的影响;第二,社会心理成熟度对职业成熟度具有正的影响;第三,社会心理成熟度在自我意识(不论是内在自我意识还是公众自我意识)和职业成熟度之间具有中介效果的作用;最后,职业决策自我效能感没有在社会心理成熟度和职业成熟度之间起到调节效果的作用。 研究结果部分出人意料,值得我们注意。中国的高校学生不能够将精力只放在学校的功课上,应该更积极地参与校内,特别是校外的社会活动,不能将目光视野,活动范围局限于学校内,通过各种社会活动的锻炼,让自己快速成长,以成人的视角来看待问题。同时,中国大学应该提供高校学生更多的职业指导、训练,来提升他们的职业自我效能感,这样才能在毕业之后顺利地进入职场生涯。