Results: Firstly, to identify the risk factors, univariate analysis showed significant differences in VAS in buttock pain at initial examination (p = 0.002), motion angle of fractured vertebrae (p = 0.047), TK (p = 0.046), and LL (p = 0.031). Multivariate analysis showed that VAS in buttock pain at first examination was an independent risk factor for residual low back pain 6 months after injury (adjusted odds ratio = 1.526, p = 0.019). Secondly, the patients in the residual low back pain group were significantly larger SVA at 6 months and more change in the height of anterior wall of fractured vertebrae in dynamic films at 6 months than those in the control group (p = 0.029 and p = 0.011, respectively). Moreover, the cases with confined high intensity area on T2-weighted images at 6 months were significantly more in the residual low back pain group than in the control group (p = 0.006).