The expressways, railways, and various lifelines constructed during the high economic growth period in the 1960s make up a large proportion of the infrastructures in Japanese cities. Measures against aging infrastructures and to restore the functions of infrastructures have become a major problem. As solutions to the problems, attention is focused on the construction of new urban infrastructures. The challenge to these solutions is the various unprecedented constraints, so automation and robotics in construction are highly expected. This paper describes about the role of construction robot and circumstances of robotics development and offers for the future direction in the technological development and issues to deal with.