Among the traditional studies on the significance of March 3 in Japan, few have discussed the development of kusamochi. Moreover, since such studies have not examined its development in chronological order, many errors exist. Thus, in order to clarify the role of kusamochi and its correlation with March 3, this paper analyzes the origin and transition of kusamochi in China as well as the history of its acceptance and development in Japan. Particular emphasis is placed on its historical transformation and re-interpretation, beginning with the Heian period and ending with its various forms after the Meiji period. Finally, by examining kusamochi as a ceremonial-ritual food, this paper not only presents a new aspect regarding its relationship with the March 3 event, but it also shows how (despite its Chinese origin) kusamochi has become an integral part of Japanese customs.