This study sought to characterize the organizational adaptation types of early career mentally disabled persons working in companies. We conducted an Internet survey of 245 mentally disabled employees in the private sector who had been with the company for three years or less. The analysis revealed that the most common type of organizational adjustment among persons with mental disorders is the step-up one, with high occupational and cultural socialization but about average affective commitment and high intention to leave, followed by the ideal adjustment type, with high occupational socialization, cultural socialization, and affective commitment and low intention to leave, and then the least maladaptive type. For the step-up type, retention support measures must be taken to discourage employees from leaving for other organizations. The maladjustment type is beneficial to increase work motivation and job satisfaction by reassigning employees to a department that is more suited to them or by changing their job description.