The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of participation in dance performances program of adults with developmental disabilities on physical self-concept, self-esteem, and sociality. The subjects of the study were selected with the consent of 12 adults with developmental disabilities participating in the movement class opened in Y-gu, Seoul, and a customized dance performance program was held for a total of 18 weeks, 90 minutes once a week from April 15 to August 16, 2023. For data processing, a paired sample t-test was conducted using SPSS 21.0. As a result, there was a statistically significant difference in the physical self-concept of adults with developmental disabilities before and after the participation and among them, competence was improved. There were significant differences in all four sub-factors of self-esteem, such as general, social, family, and job self-esteem, and all three sub-factors of sociality such as social cooperation, self-assertion, and self-control. Dance performance programs improve physical self-concept, self-esteem, and sociality and can be used for the social and psychological development of people with adult developmental disabilities.