Knowledge collaboration is an effective management method to promote the appreciations of intellectual capital and social capital. In a virtual team, team atmosphere, team network and the individual attributes, etc. shall affect the performance of knowledge collaboration (KC) in different degrees. The paper will build the theoretical framework that affects the performance of virtual team’s knowledge collaboration, and use the Bootstrap-based structural equation model to perform empirical study on the theoretical framework. Empirical results show that network characteristics of virtual team, team attributes, individual attributes and collaborative efficiency all have significant impact on the performance of KC. Empirical conclusions will provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for promoting the performance of knowledge collaboration.