In Korea, policewomen have contributed to the development of police organization and the improvement of public's perception toward police officers. However, due to the manpower shortage and the unique characteristics of police work, boundary of work of police women has been limited. Furthermore, physical attributes are likely to discourage police women to carry out equal police duties as their counterparts. In addition, because of immature gender equality culture in the police organization, there still exist prejudice toward women, conflicts between police women and police men, and insufficient support system for working mothers, which lead to lower the quality of life for police women. As of 2013, police women accounts for 7.8% (8,101persons) of the police personnel, among which 99.1% of police women's positions fall under the inspector, and only 0.9% of them is higher than chef superintendent, demonstrating imbalanced structure of rank. What is worse, 23% of police women are assigned to the police substations as patrol officers, which is regarded tough place both to women and men. Considering these situations, it has long been concerned that limited physical strength of police women might make it hard to effectively respond to crimes, which leads to weakening police's capacity to control crimes. In addition, as the number of fertile women has increased, maternity leaves have continued, but the impact of increasing personnel is inadequate. It is believed that these phenomena are caused by lack of a manpower supply and demand plan in the long term perspective. That is, a manpower supply and demand plan of police officers has been made in impulsive and unplanned manner. Meanwhile, policewomen tend to work in poor environments. As Korean society has not completely established democracy and rule of law, the public has a propensity to take governmental authority light, which is one of the major barriers to policing. Accordingly, under the current situation that job fitness for police women is not yet constructed, if the number of the police women, who have been selected for the justification of realization of gender equality and solution of imbalance of gender ratio, has continue to increase, personnel management of police women will be more difficult and placement of increasing elderly police women will become a burden of police organization in near future. The current study investigates police women's role and job performance, using literature research and interviewing police officers. Based on research findings, this study presents policy implications for desirable roles of police women. To improve police women's role and job performance, expanding scope of job and reinforcing their speciality are essential. By expanding community policing activities and service areas, police duties fitted into women's characteristics need to be identified and allocated for police women. A forward-looking personnel policy, such as planning department of regional National Police Agencies, is called for. In addition, increasing the number of police women need to be carried out focusing on effectiveness rather than goal numerical value. After a manpower supply and demand plan is developed by considering circumstances of public security and job functions, the number of police women needs to be gradually increased. The goal of hiring women as 10% of police officers should be reexamined. Regarding the imbalanced structure of rank, when students of Korea National Police University and cadets are recruited, by abolishing recruitment separating between men and women, opportunities to be executive police officers need to be enlarged. In recruiting police women, special recruitment rather than public employment should be utilized in order to make the best use of women officer's speciality. To improve the capacity of police response, efforts to enhance physical strength of police women such as further training sessions of an arrest technique, martial art, abd physical fitness test, need to be made. Lastly, day care facilities and a gender-responsive police welfare system should be expanded to support police woman's role as a working mom/wife and to raise their morales.