The current study examines the structural relationships among student-athletes’ perceived coaching behaviors (i.e., positive feedback and negative feedback), motivation (i.e., internal motivation and external motivation), and participation behavior. To accomplish the purpose of the study, data were collected from 265 middle and high school soccer student-athletes. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test measurement model, and structural equation modelling was used to examine the hypotheses. The results indicated that coaches’ positive feedback positively predicted internal motivation and negatively affected external motivation. The effects of coaches’ negative feedback on internal and external motivation were found to be non-significant. Finally, internal motivation was positively associated with participation behavior, while external motivation was not related to participation behavior.