在《劳动合同法》即将施行10年之际,能够从对对该部法律广泛的批评声中明晰哪些评价是基于客观的事实与数据,哪些是因为模糊的臆想或仅是一种主观感受,这对于科学评价该部法律的实施效果提供具有意义的参考,进而对是否该修改以及如何修改该部法律能够有清晰的答案. 强调法律实效的目的,一方面能够强化法律的实施,另一方面可以根据法律实施的情况和实际效果对法律进行校正,及时地修订、废止旧法,制定新法,从而加强立法工作,建立良好的完善的法律体系. 《劳动合同法》的实施效果需要用实证的数据对其进行支撑. 本文创新研究方法,避免了问卷调查等数据采集方法的片面性以及时效性等问题,借鉴其他学科中的元分析方法,通过对已经发表的高水准的有关《劳动合同法》的实证研究文献进行梳理,得出了《劳动合同法》的实施对于存在较多争议的其对劳动力成本造成了上升影响的证据不足,而其实施对于规范企业人力资源管理、促进劳动力市场的调整有正面作用的结论. 从已有的实证研究中,我们看出,大部分的研究者关注的是劳动密集行业的劳动者,关注的是劳动密集行业比较集中的地区,这也说明劳动合同法对体力劳动者的影响更大. 同时,还有一种批评声音,因为劳动合同法对劳动者的无区别保护,导致企业高管、核心技术人员在劳资博弈中搭便车,对企业有失公平. 劳动合同法有没有必要根据劳动者的层级而设计分层保护制度,这也是值得我们思考的问题.
When the labor contract law is about to be implemented for 10 years, it is possible to clarify which evaluation is based on objective facts and data from the extensive criticism of the Ministry's law, which is because of vague assumptions or only a subjective feeling, which provides a meaningful reference for the scientific evaluation of the effect of the Department's law. There is a clear answer to whether the amendments should be made and how to modify the Department's laws. To emphasize the purpose of legal effect, on the one hand, it can strengthen the implementation of the law. On the other hand, we can correct the law according to the situation and actual effect of the law, revise and abolish the old law in time, and make the new law, so as to strengthen the legislative work and establish a good and perfect legal system. The implementation effect of the labor contract law needs to be supported by empirical data. In this paper, the innovative research method has avoided the problems of one-sided and time lines of data collection methods such as questionnaire and so on. By drawing on the meta analysis methods in other disciplines and combing the published high standards of the empirical study of the labor contract law, the implementation of the labor contract law is obtained. In many disputes, the evidence of rising impact on labor costs is insufficient, and its implementation has a positive effect on standardizing the management of human resources and promoting the adjustment of the labor market. From the existing empirical research, we see that most of the researchers pay attention to labor-intensive workers and focus on areas with concentrated labor intensive industries, which also indicates that labor contract law has a greater impact on manual workers. At the same time, there is a criticism voice, because the labor contract law on the undifferentiated protection of workers, leading to the enterprise executives, core technicians in the labor game hitchhiking, the enterprise is unfair. There is no need for the labor contract law to design a hierarchical protection system according to the level of labourers. This is also a question worthy of our consideration.