The emergence and rapid spread of e-cigarettes have brought unprecedented challenges and problems to the traditional anti-smoking movement. China is the inventor and largest producer of e-cigarettes, issues related to e-cigarettes combined with people’s right to health have become the focus of society in China. However, at this stage, the theoretical research related to e-cigarette is in the initial stage, there is no institutional legal system, and there are various difficulties in the specific legal practice. In view of this situation, this paper carries out the Legalization of e-cigarettes systematically by exploring new theoretical methods related to e-cigarette from the perspective of people’s right to life and health, and introduced the system development status and management model of e-cigarette. In addition puting forward realizable development direction from the perspective of institutional terms by analyzing the legal difficulties by e-cigarette at this stage, and discussing various experiences in legal practice, it aims to improve the legalization process of e-cigarettes. We look forward to the healthy development of the e-cigarette market by supplementing the legalization of e-cigarette.