Based on the large reference of the relevant research, the social disaster of earthquake and their influence on development of regional economy are analyzed. It is thought that the disaster and its social influence are more serious and it's effected scope become larger than before. Most of case suggested that earthquake have an obvious long run effect on local economic development. It will directly or indirectly influent one region's economy development. Economy background and disaster reduction measures decide the disaster bearing abilities. The developed countries' ability to withstand hazard is stronger than developing ones. Because invest more on mitigation measures, the investment on social reproduction would be limited, so earthquake would deduce the profits of economy and slow down the development speed, and in the end affects the sustainable development of regional economy.