Nowadays, the evolution of solar energy use has turned into a profound issue because of the implications of many points of view, such as technical, social, economic and environmental, that impose significant constraints for policy-makers in optimizing solar energy alternatives. The topographical regulations regarding the availability of inexhaustible solar energy drive field development and highlight the need for increasingly more complex solar power systems. Solar energy is an endless source of CO2 emission-free energy at a global level. Solar thermal technologies may produce electric power when associated with thermal energy storage, which may be used as a disposable source of limitless energy. Furthermore, it can also be used in industrial processes. Using these high-tech systems in a large area of practice emboldens progress at the performance level. This work compiles the latest literature to provide a timely review of the evolution and worldwide implementation of Concentrated Solar Power—CSP—mechanization. This analysis aims to provide thematic documentation as a basis for approaching the concept of a polygeneration solar system and the implementation possibilities. It also seeks to highlight the role of the CSP in the current and future world energy system.