In the case of limited radar resources, the resource scheduling strategy is of great significance to improve the space target cataloging ability. The traditional radar resource scheduling strategy uses fixed rules to allocate radar resources for observation requirements, which cannot maximize radar resources in practical applications.In this paper, a radar resource scheduling optimization method based on improved ant colony algorithm is proposed, which quantifies the space target observation requirements weighted by the task priority, and optimizes the scheduling result with the highest requirement satisfaction, so that the radar resources can be optimally allocated and the ability of space observation be improved.