In order to maximize therapeutic treatments based on unique patient genetics characteristics, this study studies the use using genetic algorithms (GAs) towards individualized cancer therapy planning. A deductive technique is used, utilizing secondary data streams for a design that is descriptive, and adopting an interpretative mindset. Data initial processing, genome encoding, and the creation of a multiple-purpose fitness function are all required for the technical execution. With a focus on computational effectiveness and resolution behavior, the procedure for optimization is rigorously assessed. The enhanced efficacy and decreased toxicity of GA-derived treatments are highlighted by comparison with traditional treatment tactics. Analyses of the technique's sensitivity as well as robustness show that it can adjust to changes in parameter values and maintain stability in a range of clinical settings. The practical advantages of individualized treatment plans are highlighted by clinical validation, which is supported by examples and shows superior responses to therapy and results for patients. Challenges are identified through critical analysis, such as the requirement for instantaneous information integration and ethical constraints. Future research is advised to focus on modifying parameter values, investigating hybrid optimization strategies, and using cutting-edge technologies. It is recommended to do ongoing research with long follow-up times to evaluate the long-term effects of individualized strategies. By demonstrating how GAs have the potential to transform chemotherapy planning and provide customized therapeutic methods that maximize efficacy with minimizing side effects, this research helps to shape the developing field of personalized oncology.