This study explores how advanced technology has revolutionized the use of drones for forest fire surveillance. This research study explores the historical development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in forest monitoring with a focus on control systems and detection algorithms. The drone's capabilities are improved via telemetry integration, sophisticated autopilot systems, and an emphasis on accuracy, autonomy, and real-time communication. An analysis of object recognition, anomaly detection, and environmental monitoring algorithms in detail demonstrates how important a role these algorithms play in spotting dangers like forest fire. This study presents successful implementations through illustrative case studies, discusses obstacles, and lays forth future plans for utilizing drone technology for the forest fire surveillance in environmental conservation initiatives.