In this paper, neuroadaptive robust control problem for the automatic train operation (ATO) system under actuator saturation is considered. The saturation is caused by constraints from serving motors. A neuroadaptive robust control scheme is proposed. To cope with the actuator saturation, another neuroad-aptive robust control scheme is proposed for the ATO system, by explicitly considering the actuator saturation nonlinearity other than unknown system parameters, which is proved capable of stabilizing the closed-loop system. The effectiveness of the proposed control schemes are verified via numerical simulations.