A high-sensitivity low-noise HDR CMOS Image Sensor (CIS) for scientific application is developed and evaluated in this paper. A novel 6-Tr. and 1-Cap. pixel is proposed to satisfy the compositive high-performance photoelectric response for both rolling and global shutter modes. The implemented 1-inch 800*600-resolution CIS chip is fabricated in 55 nm 1P4M CIS technology and improved by customized process. The measurement results illustrate that maximum sensitivity of 131 V/lux-sec, maximum conversion gain 129 μV/e, large of dynamic range of 70.1 dB for pixel side, which demonstrates that this CIS is suitable for scientific applications such as medical imaging, biophysics, radiography, etc.