An integrated model incorporating deep learning, hand-crafted radiomics and clinical and US features to diagnose central lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer
- Resource Type
- article
- Authors
- Yang Gao; Weizhen Wang; Yuan Yang; Ziting Xu; Yue Lin; Ting Lang; Shangtong Lei; Yisheng Xiao; Wei Yang; Weijun Huang; Yingjia Li
- Source
- BMC Cancer, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2024)
- Subject
- Ultrasonography
Papillary thyroid carcinoma
Lymph node metastasis
Deep learning
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
RC254-282
- Language
- English
- ISSN
- 1471-2407
Abstract Objective To evaluate the value of an integrated model incorporating deep learning (DL), hand-crafted radiomics and clinical and US imaging features for diagnosing central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Methods This retrospective study reviewed 613 patients with clinicopathologically confirmed PTC from two institutions. The DL model and hand-crafted radiomics model were developed using primary lesion images and then integrated with clinical and US features selected by multivariate analysis to generate an integrated model. The performance was compared with junior and senior radiologists on the independent test set. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) plot and Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) were used for the visualized explanation of the model. Results The integrated model yielded the best performance with an AUC of 0.841. surpassing that of the hand-crafted radiomics model (0.706, p