Glioma has received considerable attention because of its potential of inducing high rates of morbidity, disability, and mortality. FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) has emerged as a popular topic in current research because of its ability to protect normal tissues. The present review summarized the current development of FLASH-RT in both the central nervous system and glioblastomas, explored the potential mechanisms underlying FLASH-RT-mediated protective effects on the central nervous system, and revealed the advantages of this new technique for glioma therapy. This study highlights the benefits and challenges of the present research and provides a reference for future research.