The effects of non-metallic inclusions on the fatigue properties of iron and steel materials and their research status were reviewed. From the perspective of inclusions, the latest research progress on the extraction of non-metallic inclusions was first introduced from the experimental measurement methods and mathematical formulas. Secondly, according to the main principles of inclusions for fatigue damage, five kinds of widely used quantitative analysis of inclusion parameters and math-ematical model of steel fatigue performance were introduced.Then the influence of the characteristics of non-metallic inclusions on the fatigue properties of heavy-duty steel parts was investigated by taking the morphology, mechanical properties and the interaction between the inclusions and the matrix as the starting point. Finally, it was pointed out that the focus of future research in this field is to analyze the main action mechanism of non-metallic inclusions on steel fatigue properties from multiple perspectives and to build a prediction model of non-metallic inclusions on steel fatigue life.