ObjectivesCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a kind of viral pneumonia which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs consisting of 19–25 nucleotides and play a role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. We have focused on serum expression levels of microRNA (miRNA) a novel concept of in host–virus interactions. MicroRNA expression profiles were investigated in serum samples of COVID-19 patients.Materials and methodsThe samples were collected from 40 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 patients and from 10 healthy controls. Expression profile of 20 miRNAs were examined using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).ResultsStatistically significant expression level differences (p ConclusionsWe expect that a miRNA profile can be beneficial for the diagnosis of the COVID-19. Our result revealed that the increase in hsa-miR-190a level may be a prognostic factor related to the COVID-19 disease.