近70年来,中国的城镇化道路呈现出从起步调整、恢复发展、发展壮大到提质优化的阶段性发展导向,其中以土地开发为核心的外延扩张模式尤为突出.在重新审视城镇化发展的历史脉络后发现,中国的外延式城镇化发轫于工业化与土地财政需求,而后兴起于户籍限制放松与用地指标开源.虽然这种外延模式有力地促进了城市发展,但是过快的扩张却加剧了城市发展同质化、产业空心化、交通网络阻塞化、社会事业滞后化、资源分配行政化等多元矛盾.因此,随着城镇化进入下半场,粗放的扩张路径不再适用于现代化的城市建设,中国亟待推动城镇化道路由外延式向高质量、内涵式转型.基于此,需要着力构建面向中国式现代化的城镇化蓝图,针对外延发展中的典型症结,在城乡统筹、产城融合、共建共享、优势互补和空间协同等方面做出积极探索,做好增量"减法",做优存量"加法",以适应以人为本的新型城镇化建设要求,并赋予其"中国式现代化"的鲜明底色.
Over the past 70 years,China's urbanization has gone through four stages:adjustment,recovery,development and optimization,among which the epitaxial urbani-zation model with land development as its core is particularly prominent.A reconsideration of the historical development of urbanization reveals that China's long-standing episodic urbanization model originated from the government's urgent need for industrialization and land finance,which was then driven by the relaxation of the household registration system and the increase in land indicators.It has been demonstrated that the outward expansion model has provided strong support for the rapid development of China's urbanization,but the overly rapid expansion has gradually intensified multiple conflicts such as homogeniza-tion of urban development,hollowing out of urban industries,congested traffiic network,lagging of social undertakings and administrative allocation of resources.Therefore,the previous crude expansion path is no longer applicable to modern urban construction,and China urgently needs to promote the transformation of the urbanization path from crude to high quality and from epitaxial to connotation.Nowadays,there is a need to focus on the construction of urbanization planning oriented to Chinese-style modernization,and to make active exploration in the urban-rural overall planning,industry-city integration,co-construction and sharing,complementary advantages and spatial coordination,so as to do a good job of subtracting the incremental quantity and optimizing the stock.This paper en-riches the research on new-type urbanization oriented to Chinese-style modernization.