Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of ziprasidone and risperidone in the treatment of vagrants with schizophrenia.Methods:A total of 70 vagrants with schizophrenia who were admitted in our hospital from December, 2014 to December, 2015 were included in the study and divided into the observation group (ziprasidone) and the control group (risperidone) according to different treatment protocols. In the observation group, the initial dosage of ziprasidone was 20 mg/d, and was gradually increased to 80-160 mg/d within 10 d, with an average dosage of (105.6±38.7) mg/d. In the control group, the initial dosage of risperidone was 1 mg/d, and was gradually increased to 3-5 mg/d within 10 d, with an average dosage of (3.6±0.9) mg/d. Eight-week treatment was regarded as one course. PANSS was used for grading before and after treatment. The levels of FBG, TG, TC, and HDL-C before and after treatment were detected. The adverse reactions after treatment were observed.Results:With the extending of treatment time, PANSS positive symptoms, negative symptoms, psychosis symptoms, and total scores in the two groups were significantly reduced when compared with before treatment (P<0.05), and the comparison of the scores of various indicators at the same timing point after treatment between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). After treatment, the levels of FBG, TG, TC, and HDL-C in the observation group were not significantly different from those before treatment (P>0.05), while those levels in the control group were significantly elevated when compared with before treatment (P<0.05), and those in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the occurrence rate of adverse reactions in the observation was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: The clinical efficacy of ziprasidone and risperidone in the treatment of vagrants with schizophrenia is equal, but ziprasidone has a small effect on the blood sugar and lipid, with less adverse reactions and preferable compliance; therefore, it deserves to be widely recommended in the clinic.