为保障民航飞机的运行安全,探究大气分层对飞机尾涡的影响,对不同B-V频率和初始温度条件下的尾流演化进行研究.选择SST k-ω湍流模型,使用Fluent软件对自定义函数搭建的9 种大气环境下的A333 飞机尾涡演化进行数值模拟,并基于演化结果对飞行安全进行分析.结果表明:初始温度不同主要会引起尾涡初始强度的不同,但对尾涡发展影响较小.B-V频率主要作用于t′=1.5 之后,使尾涡特征的演化产生差异.较大的B-V频率会诱使尾涡上方产生小尺度的次级涡旋,加速尾涡衰减,减小涡核间距.B-V频率的增大会引起尾涡下沉速率大幅减小,使前机尾流在后机的飞行航路上停留更久,从而增大尾流间隔.
To ensure the operational safety of civil aircraft and to investigate the effect of atmospheric stratification on aircraft wake vortex,the wake vortex evolution under different B-V frequency and different initial temperature conditions is investigated.The SST k-ω turbulence model is selected and the wake vortex evolution of A333 aircraft under nine atmospheric environments built by custom functions is simulated numerically using Fluent software.Subsequently,flight safety analysis was conducted based on the evolution results.The outcomes reveal that varying initial temperatures primarily influence the initial strength of the wake,with minimal impact on its subsequent development.The B-V frequency primarily influences the evolution of wake characteristics after t′=1.5.A higher B-V frequency induces the formation of smaller-scale secondary vortices above the wake,accelerating wake decay and reducing vortex core spacing.Increasing the B-V frequency leads to a significant decrease in the descent rate of the wake,causing the wake from the preceding aircraft to linger longer in the flight path of the following aircraft,thereby increasing the wake separation.