以龙葵茎叶提取物为原料,考察提取时间、料液比、乙醇浓度、水解酸种类及浓度等因素对澳洲茄碱、澳洲茄边碱提取率的影响.结果表明:以乙醇为提取溶剂,超声辅助提取,最佳提取工艺为,乙醇浓度80%、提取时间60 min、提取温度40 ℃、料液比1∶20,在此条件下,龙葵茎叶中澳洲茄碱、澳洲茄边碱的含量分别为0.229%、0.141%;以10%硫酸乙醇作为提取溶剂,在料液比1∶20、提取时间60 min、提取温度80 ℃条件下,澳洲茄碱与澳洲茄边碱提取率分别为0.275%、0.168%,与乙醇提取相比,提取率分别提高1.2、1.19倍.实验证明:酸水解可提高龙葵茎叶中澳洲茄碱、澳洲茄边碱的提取率.
Using Solanum nigrum stem and leaf extracts as raw materials,the effects of extraction time,solid-liquid ratio,ethanol concentration,type and concentration of hydrolytic acids on the extraction rates of Australian solanine and Australian solamargine were investigated.The results showed that using ethanol as the extraction solvent and ultrasound assisted extraction,the optimal extraction process was as follows:ethanol concentration of 80%,extrac-tion time of 60 minutes,extraction temperature of 40 ℃,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶20.Under these conditions,the contents of auxine and auxine in the stem and leaves of Solanum nigrum were 0.229%and 0.141%.respectively;U-sing 10%sulfuric acid ethanol as the extraction solvent,under the conditions of material to liquid ratio 1∶20,extrac-tion time 60 minutes,and extraction temperature 80 ℃,the extraction rates of Australian solanine and Australian so-lanine were 0.275%and 0.168%,respectively.Compared with ethanol extraction,the extraction rates were increased by 1.2 times and 1.19 times,respectively.The experiment proved that acid hydrolysis could improve the extraction rate of Australian solanine and Australian solamargine in the stem and leaf of Solanum nigrum.