目的 总结分析口腔黏膜尿道成形术治疗前尿道狭窄的远期疗效.方法 回顾性分析我院2013年1月至2018年5月收治的前尿道狭窄行口腔黏膜尿道成形术的324例患者的临床资料.年龄27 ~ 65岁,平均47岁.其中尿道外口狭窄51例,阴茎部尿道狭窄174例,球部尿道狭窄99例.尿道狭窄段长度为2.8 ~14.0 cm,平均6.4 cm.术前最大尿流率为3.2 ~8.4 ml/s,平均4.8ml/s.采用颊黏膜修补232例,舌黏膜修补92例.51例尿道外口狭窄患者中,接受尿道外口切开术15例,尿道外口成形术36例;174例阴茎部尿道狭窄患者中,接受阴茎纵形切开21例,冠状沟环形切开阴茎脱套49例,经会阴正中切口104例;球部尿道狭窄患者均接受经会阴正中切口或倒Y形切口.结果 口腔黏膜尿道成形术后患者随访3 ~ 72个月,平均35个月.290例术后排尿通畅,最大尿流率为15.8~32.2 ml/s,平均21.5 ml/s.34例(10.5%)出现尿道狭窄复发,其中尿道外口狭窄7例,阴茎部尿道狭窄17例,球部尿道狭窄12例.34例尿道狭窄复发者中18例行尿道扩张后排尿通畅,16例再次行口腔黏膜尿道成形术治疗,术后排尿通畅.324例中5例(1.5%)出现尿道皮肤瘘,其中采用阴茎纵形切开者2例,冠状沟环形切开者1例,经会阴切开者2例.此5例接受尿瘘修补术后均治愈.结论 口腔黏膜尿道成形术治疗前尿道狭窄的远期疗效较好,尿道狭窄复发率低,尿瘘发生率低.复发者可通过手术再次治疗.手术入路应根据前尿道狭窄的部位和长度进行合理的选择.
Objective To summarize the long-term efficacy of oral mucosal urethroplasty.Methods The clinical data of 324 patients with anterior urethral stricture who underwent oral mucosal urethroplasty from January 2013 to May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were 27-65 years old with an average age of 47 years.Among them,51 patients had urethral meatal stenosis,174 patients had penile urethral stricture and 99 patients had bulbar urethral stricture.The length of urethral stricture was 2.8-14.0 cm,with an average of 6.4 cm.The preoperative maximal urinary flow rate Qmax was 3.2-8.4 ml/s,with an average of 4.8 ml/s.In the urethral meatal stenosis group (51 patients),15 underwent urethrotomy and 36 underwent meatal urethroplasty.In the penile urethral stricture group (174 patients),ventral sagittal incision was done in 21 patients,subcoronal circumferential incision in 49 patients and midline perineal incision in 104 patients.The perineal incision or verted Y incision were done in all the bulbar urethral strictures.Results The patients were followed-up for 3-75 months,with an average of 35.0 months.The results were satisfied in 290 (89.5%) patients.The post-operative maximal urinary flow rate Qmax was 15.8-32.2ml/s,with an average of 21.5 ml/s.Thirty-four patients (10.5%) developed recurrent urethral stricture,including 7 patients in the urethral meatus,17 patients in the penile urethra and 12 patients in the bulbar urethra.Among the recurrent urethral stricture patients,18 treated with the dilatation and 16 treated with the urethroplasty.Five patients (1.5%) developed fistula,including 2 patients in the ventral sagittal incision,1 patient in the circumferential incision and 2 patient in the perineal incision.Conclusions The long-term effect of oral mucosal urethroplasty is realistic.The rate of urethral stricture recurrence and fistula is low.The recurrence can be treated again by urethroplasty.The surgical approach for oral mucosa urethroplasty depends on the location and length of the anterior urethral stricture.