目的 分析近 3 年西南某地区新生儿听力筛查初、复筛结果 ,为深入开展本地区新生儿听力筛查工作提供参考.方法 对 2020年 1月 1 日-2022年 12 月 31日西南某地区出生的 85 164 例活产新生儿采用耳声发射进行普遍听力筛查,未通过者于出生后 42 天进行复筛,仍未通过者转诊至新生儿听力障碍诊治分中心进行听力诊断.各区县具有新生儿听力筛查资质的医疗机构定时汇总并上报初、复筛数据,根据年报资料数据,录入各区县的数据统计结果 ,计算出初、复筛率,初、复筛通过率,采用χ2检验对不同区县普通、高危因素新生儿的筛查结果 进行分析与比较.结果 2020 年-2022 年西南某地区 86 563例新生儿中完成听力初筛 85 164例,筛查率 98.38%,初筛通过率 89.72%,复筛率 84.62%,复筛通过率 91.65%.该地区由 3 区 4 县构成,近 3 年,古蔺县初筛、复筛通过率为 97.74%,81.02%;叙永县初筛、复筛通过率为 94.74%,95.10%;合江县初筛、复筛通过率为 95.73%,88.73%;泸县初筛、复筛通过率为 92.24%,86.47%;纳溪区初筛、复筛通过率为 86.26%,80.43%;江阳区初筛、复筛通过率为 79.20%,99.89%;龙马潭区初筛、复筛通过率为 90.50%,65.08%.该地区 7 个区县间初筛通过率及复筛通过率有统计学差异(P<0.05).是否有高危因素组间新生儿听力初筛通过率有统计学差异(P<0.05).结论 2020 年-2022年西南某地区各区县新生儿听力初筛率均达到指南要求.但各区县间筛查结果 有明显差异,还需进一步落实各级培训,优化筛查流程,加强孕期管理及随访复查等工作.
Objectives To analyze the results of initial and repeat newborn hearing screening results in a region of southwest China in the past three years,and provide a reference for the further development of newborn hearing screening in the region.Methods A total of 85,164 live newborns born from January 1st,2020 to December 31st,2022 in southwest China were subjected to universal hearing screening by otoacoustic emission.Those who failed the screening were re-screened 42 days after birth,and those who still failed the screening were referred to the sub-center for diagnosis and treatment of neonatal hearing disorders for hearing diagnosis.Medical institutions qualified for neonatal hearing screening in various districts and counties regularly summarize and report the preliminary and re-screening data.According to the annual data,the statistical results of each district and county were entered to calculate the preliminary and re-screening rates and the pass rates of preliminary and re-screening.χ2 test was used to analyze and compare the screening results of newborns with common and high-risk factors in different districts and counties.Results From 2020 to 2022,85,164 primary hearing screenings were completed among 86,563 newborns in a region of southwest China,with a screening rate of 98.38%,a primary screening pass rate of 89.72%,a re-screening rate of 84.62%and a re-screening pass rate of 91.65%.The region consists of 3 districts and 4 counties.In the past 3 years,the pass rates of primary and secondary screening in Gulin County were 97.74%and 81.02%;the pass rates of primary and secondary screening in Xuyong County were 94.74%and 95.10%;the pass rates of primary and secondary screening in Hejiang County were 95.73%and 88.73%;the pass rates of primary and secondary screening in Luxian County were 92.24%and 86.47%;the pass rates of primary and secondary screening in Naxi District were 86.26%,80.43%;The pass rates of primary screening and re-screening in Jiangyang District were 79.20%and 99.89%,while the pass rates of primary screening and re-screening in Longmatan District were 90.50%and 65.08%.There was a statistical difference between the seven districts and counties in the region in terms of the pass rate of primary screening and re-screening(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference between the groups with and without high-risk factors(P<0.05).Conclusions From 2020 to 2022,the primary screening rate of newborn hearing in all districts and counties of a certain region in southwest China met the requirements of the guideline.However,there were significant differences in the screening results among counties and districts,and it was necessary to further implement training at all levels,optimize the screening process,strengthen pregnancy management and follow-up review.